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Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


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D 


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D 

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Additional  comments:/ 
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□ 
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10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

v/ 

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16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


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g6nArositA  de: 

La  bibliothdque  des  Archives 
publiques  du  Canada 


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filmage. 

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dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
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la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ^>  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaftra  sur  la 
derni^re  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbols  —►  signifie  "A  SUIVRE '.  le 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN". 


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different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
filmis  d  des  taux  de  r6duction  diff^rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  §tre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  cliche,  il  est  filmi  A  partir 
de  I'angle  sup^rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  nicessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  m6thode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

I 


BY-LAWS 


OF  TUB 


BLACK  HEATH  COAL  COMPANY, 


WITH   A  DESCRIPTION   OP  ITS 


COAL  AND   COAL   LANDS, 


SITUATE   IS 


CLINTON  COUNTY,  PENN. 


OrPlCE:   No.    35    WALL   STREET,    NEW    YORK. 


NEW    YORK: 

PRESS    OF    WYNKOOP     &     HALLENBECK, 

No.  113  Fulton    Street. 

1864. 


OFFICERS, 


|)rtsttrcnt, 

W.  Af.  ASHFIELD 
ROBERT  CRANFORD. 

Crcnsurcr, 

ELLWOOD   WALTER. 

Qircctors, 

WILLIAM  M.   ASHFIELD. 
ELLAVOOI)   AVALTER. 
W.   F.   BUCKLEY. 
W.   N.   OLIVER. 
SILAS  B.  DUTCHER. 


m 


Agents  for  sale  of  Coal: 
ASHFIELD     &    CO., 

58  UBERTY  STREET,  Room  No.  12. 


r  i 


J. 


gitammoirs  C0al  ITanifs. 


i 


hi 


Whilst  tlie  supply  of  Antlimcite  Coal  lias  been, 
thus  far,  about  erpial  to  the  demand,  with  a  steady  in- 
crease in  the  (piantity  recpiired,  as  ^vill  be  seen  by  the 
accompanying  table,  the  supply  of  Bituminous  Coal 
has  been  very  inade(piate.  Our  main  dependence  has 
been  heretofore  upon  Coals  from  foreign  markets,  and 
the  Hn])ply  has  l)een  so  variable  and  uncertain  that  no 
reliance  could  ])e  placed  upon  obtaining  an  ample  sup- 
ply ;  thns  subjecting  the  consumers,  at  times,  to  the 
payment  of  very  high  prices  for  an  article  so  necessary 
to  their  comfort.  The  price  of  Liverpool  Coal,  in  this 
city,  has  been  as  high  ««  i^l8,  per  chaldron;  thus  plac- 
ing the  use  of  Bituminous  Coals  beyond  the  reach  of 
persons  of  moderate  means.  The  high  price  of  Bitu- 
minous Coals  has  attracted  the  attention  of  parties 
largely  interested  in  the  Coal  Trade,  and  for  several 
years  past  they  have  been  engaged  in  making  inquiries, 
and  having  examinations  made,  with  a  view  to  ascer- 
tain if  Bitnminous  Coal  of  good  quality  could  be 
found  in  some  favorable  location,  where  the  mines 
could  be  worked  to  advantage,  and  the  coal  put  upon 
the  market  at  a  moderate  price ;  thus  increasing  the 
consumption,  and  enabling  all  who  use  Bituminous 
Coal  to  obtain  a  reliable  supply,  within  the  means  of 


every  consumer.  It  was  well  understood  that  Bitumi- 
nous Coal  existed  in  Pennsylvania;  but  it  was  not 
known  until  reeently,  that  IJituminous  C'oal,  of  good 
quality,  was  so  situated  as  to  be  accessible  to  the  New 
York  market,  at  a  moderate  cost  for  transpoi-tation. 

A  comj^any  has  been  organized,  cajjital  ^.■)()0,000, 
five  thousand  shares  $100  each,  t\vo  thousand  shares  re- 
served for  working  capital,  to  whom  these  lands  are 
conveyed  T)y  a  clear  and  indisputalde  title,  free  from 
all  incumbrances,  and  measures  are  taken  to  send  the 
coal  at  once  to  market,  1>y  canals  and  railroads,  now 
built  and  in  operation.  To  connect  the  mines  with  the 
Pennsylvania  Canal  and  the  Philadelphia  and  Erie 
Railroad,  a  railroad  is  constructed  down  the  slope  of 
the  mountain  on  the  mineral  right  proi)erty,  mines 
opened — and  now  in  o})eration — and  the  Company  are 
making  preparation  to  work  them  to  their  utmost 
capacity. 

The  cost  of  this  coal  in  the  New  York  market,  is 
estimated  at  $4.75  per  ton,  at  the  old  rates  of  labor 
and  freights.  On  coni})arison  Avith  the  prices  hereto- 
fore i)aid  for  Bituminous  Coal,  it  will  at  once  be  ])er- 
ceived  that  these  mines  can  be  worked  so  as  to  pay  a 
large  profit  to  the  producers  of  the  Coal. 

The  (piality  of  our  coal  has  been  favorably  alluded 
to  in  a  report  of  Prof.  AV.  R.  Johnson  to  the  Navy 
De])artnient  of  the  United  States — of  forty-two  va- 
rieties of  coal  which  he  experimented  uj^on,  thirty- 
five  were  from  the  United  States,  and  seven  from  (rreat 
Britain — and  Professor  Johnson's  opinion  is  that  coals 
from  this  region  are  superior  for  steam,  and  sea-going 
steamers.     In  support  of  Professor  Johnson's  opinion, 


,> 


we  refer  to  II.  R.  Taylor's  statistics  of  coal,  jniblislied 
in  1848,  p.  105.     The  coal  on  this  property  has  been 
found   superior,  from   actual    experiments,  tor  steam, 
blacksmithing,  the  manufacture  of  ii'on,  and  for  domestic 
use,  and  has  been  used  on  the  locomotives  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania State  lioad  with  tlattering  success.     From  the 
certiticate  (^f  the  Novelty  Works,  N.  Y.,  it  will  be  seen 
for  blacksmith's  ]nirposes  it  has  no  sui)erior.     This  coal 
has  not  only  l)een  found  useful  for  the  above  purposes, 
l)ut  from  experiments  made  in  this  city  on  the  coal 
from  the  up])er  vein,  it  has  been  found  fully  equal  to 
Newcastle  and  Pittsl)urgh  Coal  for  gas  purposes.     The 
cost  of  Pittsburgh  Coal  at  Elmira  (112  miles  from  our 
mines),  during  the  past  year,  has  been  $8.50  per  ton. 
The  cost  of  delivering  our  coal  at  that  point  would  Ije 
less  than  $-^.25  j)er  ton,  and  from  Elmira  it  can  be  for- 
warded by  canal  and  railroad  to  the  larger  cities  in 
the  State  of  New  York,  All)an}',  Troy,  Rochester,  <fec., 
where   Bituminous   Coal   for  gas  and   manufacturing 
purposes  is  used  to  a  great  extent,  and  the  consump- 
tion is  lai'gely  increasing  every  year.     All  the  veins  on 
this  property  are  above  wa^er-level,  therefore  requiring 
no  outlay  .for  steam  engines  to  ^  jup  water,  which 
makes  the  exj^jense  of  mining  very  small.     The  cost  of 
mining  this  coal  l>y  contract  is  40  cents  per  ton,  old 
rates,  present  price  80  cents,  delivered  at  the  mouth  of 
the  openings.     It  is  the  opinion  of  several  gentlemen 
well  acquainted  with  the  ^v  ants  of  the  interior  of  the 
State  of  New"  York,  that  we  can  find  a  market  there 
for  from  75,000  to  100,000  tons  per  annum.     It  is  pro- 
per to   state,  that   heretofore,   the   Bituminous  Coal 
for  gas,  in  the  interior  of  New  York,  has  been  obtained 
from  Ohio  and  Pittsburgh.    The  ojienings  on  three  of 


G 


the  voins  nro  ftlivady  nmdo,  nnd  it  is  i^stlinnttMl  tliat  tli  > 
pi'oduction  of  tlie  mines  iiuiy  l)e  iiuTcascd  to  lM)(),0(I() 
tons  per  aniiuni.  Tlu^  location  of  tlicso  Coal  Fields, 
within  l?.")!)  miles  from  the  eity  of  New  York,  by  the 
Xew"  Jersey,  Central,  (^atawissa,  Philadel[)hia,  and  Krie 
railroads,  the  iL^reat  demand  for  thiseoal  in  the  vicinity 
of  tlie  mines,  the  variety  of  uses  to  Avhieli  it  ean  l)e  ap- 
plied, its  superior  (piality,  and  its  Ix'ing  the  nearest  Hitu- 
ininous  Coal  to  the  lari»;er  markets,  h;ad  to  tlu^  eonelu- 
sion  that  this  is  a  valuable  property,  and  that  the 
stockholders  anIII,  with  proper  management,  receive 
large  dividends  ui)on  their  investment.     • 

Prof.  James  IIatj.,  for  many  years  State  Geologist  of 
the  State  of  New  York,  a  gentleman  whose  high  repu- 
tation is  well  known  in  the  city  and  State,  has  ex- 
amined the  mineral  right  ])roi)erty,  aud  for  his  opinion 
of  it  we  refer  to  his  rei)ort,  accom2)auying  this  pam- 
phlet. 


A'lO 


€i)t  Valm  of  (ffoal  ILanlis. 


Tlie  great  and  rapid  li^rowtli  of  tliis  country;  its 
great  increane  in  population;  the  great  activity  in  all 
tlie  various  l)ranclieH  of  business  recpiiring  the  use  of 
coal;  and  the  great  increase  of  steamships,  h)conio- 
tives,  iron  works  and  steam  engines,  as  well  as  the 
increased  quantity  annually  recpiired  for  domestic 
puri)08es,  clearly  indicate  that  coal  lands,  eligibly 
situated,  must  rai)idly  increase  in  value ;  and  that 
lands  thus  situated,  which  may  now  be  purchased  at 
moderate  prices,  will,  a  few  years  hence,  l)e  eagerly 
sought  after  at  i)rices  Avhich  at  present,  to  many  ])er- 
sons,  woidd  ai)pear  to  be  enormous.  The  great  pros- 
prospective  value  of  such  lands  is  well  understood  l>y 
those  familiar  with  the  subject ;  Ijut  the  large  amount 
of  money  required  to  render  such  investments  profita- 
ble, makes  it  necessary,  in  order  to  attain  the  greatest 
advantages,  to  call  in  the  aid  of  associated  ca])ital.  It 
is  a  very  common  expression  among  consumers  of  coal, 
that  there  are  so  many  coal  companies,  "  coal  Avili  be 
cheap."  It  is  very  desiralde  that  coal  should  be  sold 
cheaply,  and  as  far  as  Bituminous  Coal  is  concerned, 
we  think,  a  very  great  reduction  can  be  made,  com- 
pared with  prices  formerly  paid,  and  at  the  same  time 
allow  a  liberal  and  large  profit  to  the  operators. 
Although  the  coal  fields  of  this  country  are  veiy 
large,  the  quantity  inexhaustible,  and  amply  suflicient 
to  furnish  a  snpply  for  ages  to  come,  yet  how  few 
think  of  the  enormous  amount  of  capital  required  to 
build  canals  and  railroads,  without  which  coal  lands  are 


»  8 

♦'iitirt'ly  uniivjiilji]»lt'.  B\  ii  close  calcuIut'KHi,  which 
has  ]i('(  11  fnit'iull}-  iiindc,  it  is  estimuttHl  tliiit  in  the 
State  of  Pcunsylvmiin,  iihmc,  iiiort)  tluui  >J^72,()()(>,(»0() 
have  })vvn  invested  for  tlie  eoal  ti'a(U',  in  eanals 
and  railroads,  inelndinu;  mining;  stock  and  tixtures. 
How  little  is  thou^dit  of  this  by  thos(^  who  fancy 
"the  possession  of  remoter  mountain  hinds,  contain- 
ing coal,  and  a  (luirter  from  u  State  Legislatui'e,  au- 
thorising the  issue  of  certificates  of  stock  are  all  that 
is  re([uired.'"  It  nuiy  reasonably  ])e  supposeil,  that  In 
view  of  the  large  outlay  re([uired  to  ()j)en  new  avennes 
to  mai'ket,  those  which  are  the  nearest  and  ni(>st 
available  will  be  taxed  to  their  utmost  capacity,  before 
capitalists  .shall  be  willing  to  make  large  investments 
for  new  ones. 

Ah  these  lands  can  use  existing  canals  and  rail-roads, 
and  are  l)elieved  to  be  the  nearest  Bituminous  Coal 
huids  to  New  York,  their  great  value  can  be  readily 
apj)reeiated. 

The  ex})orts  of  (Jreat  Britain,  in  ISoO,  were:  To 
France,  ()l2,r)4n  tons;  to  Holland,  151V.)58;  to  Prus- 
sia, 189,.V2<S  tons;  and  to  Russia,  235,188  tons. 

Be  it  reniend>ered  that  this  is  Bituminous  Coal,  to 
the  use  of  which  they  are  most  accustomed  in  Europe. 
The  great  increase  in  the  use  of  coal  re([uired  for  the 
steamshii)S  of  Avar  in  all  the  navies  of  Europe,  Avill,  at 
some  not  very  remote  day,  cause  the  United  States  to 
become  large  exporters  of  coal ;  for  it  may  be  relied 
upon  with  confidence,  that  the  nations  of  Europe  Avill 
not  leave  themselves  almost  entirely  dependent  upon 
the  mines  of  Great  Britain  for  the  supply  of  an  article 
without  which  a  steam  navy  is  useless. 


1    , 

i 


Black  Psati}  iffoal  (ffompanij  Jianbs. 


'PinisK  lands  nw  situated  in  Clinton  County,  in  the 
Static  of  PcmiMvlvania,  Ixu'dtTlnu;  on  the  west  hranch 
divisi(»n  of  the  Peiinsvlvania  Canal,  and  contain  404 
acres,  and  tlie  lease  of  4i'.")  acres  for  14  years,  with  im- 


provements. 

Tlie  practicability  or  facilities  for  transportation  of 
coal  from  these  laiuls,  to  tlu;  leading  nuirkets,  cannot 
1)6  exceeded,  if  e(jualed,  any  where  in  the  country. 
A  hiteral  railroad,  now  tinislied,  in  all  tliat  is  re(piired 
to  ti'ans])ort  the  how  ojH'n,  coal  to  the  branch  division 
of  the  Pennsylvania  C^anal,  and  from  th'  uce,  unob- 
structedly,  to  either  Baltimore,  Philadeljdiia,  New 
York,  or  by  way  of  Williamsport  to  Ehuira,  on  the 
New  York  and  Erii^  Railroad  ;  from  which  point  nume- 
rous lateral  railroatls  tend  to  the  interior  of  the  State 
of  New  York,  and  the  main  trunks  extend  from  Elmira 
to  New- York  City,  Dunkirk  and  Butlalo.  The  Phila- 
delphia and  Eric  Kail-road,  when  com])leted,  will  (^pen 
communication  with  Lake  Erie,  IIV.)  miles  from  the 
mines. 

The  distances  from  the  Black  Heath  Coal  Company's 
mines  to  market  are,  viz. : 


From  mines  to  Pennsylvania  Canal,  railroad  constrncteJ, 
From  thence  by  Pennsylvania  Canal  to  ("olumbia, 
From  Columbia  by  Tide-water  Canal  to  Havre  de  Grace, 


8  miles. 
150     " 
45     " 

208 


From  mine  to  Tide-water, 

Of  which  but  8  miles  is  railroad  and  195  canal;  the 
canal  now  being  in  active  operation,  boats  carrying  00 
to  70  tons  ffross  coal. 


m 


10 


From  Havre  do  Grace  the  same  boats  are  towed  to  Baltimore, 
From  mines  to  Havre  de  Grace, 


From  mines  to  Baltimore, 


From  mines  to  Havre  de  Grace, 

From  Havre  de  Grace,  boats  are  towed  to  Philadelphia,    . 

From  mines  to  Philadelphia  by  water,  except  8'miles, 


From  mines  to  Columbia,  canal  159  miles,  railroad  8  miles. 
From  Columbia  by  railroad  to  Philadelpliia,  in  operation. 

From  mines  to  Philadeiphia,  per  railroad  and  canal. 


54  miles 

20;]     " 

257      " 

203  miles. 

80     " 

283     " 

158  miles. 

80     " 

From  mines  to  Williamsport,  (canal  in  operation  37  miles,) 
From  Williamsport  to  Elmlra  by  railroad. 


238 

37  miles. 

75     " 

112 


From  mines  to  Elmira, 

From  Elmira  can  be  supplied  all  eastern  New- York, 
cheaper  than  from  any  other  coal  iield. 

From  mines  to  Williamsport,  and  by  Baltimore  and  Susquehanna 

iJailroad  to  Baltimore, 207  miles. 

From  mines  to  Philadelphia  by  canal  and  railro<a(l,      .         .         .         220      " 
From  mines  to  New- York,  by  canal,  Catawissa  Kailroad  and  the 

Eastern  and  New  Jersey  llaihoad,  .         .         .        250      " 

IVlien  the  Philadelphia  and  Erie  Railroad  is  com- 
pleted, it  Avill  open  the  Black  Heath  Coal  Company 
mines  to  the  lakes  1>y  the  nearest  route.  In  fact,  tak- 
iuL'  into  consideration  the  relative  advantao:es  of  these 
lands  to  the  leadinc:  markets  of  the  United  States,  it 
will  he  seen  that  they  possess  a  decided  superiority 
over  all  other  Bituminous  Coal  lands. 

An  important  feature  in  these  lands,  is,  that  they 
are  heavily  timbered  with  white  oak,  \vhite  pine,  }'el- 
low  pine  and  hemlock. 

The  transportation  on  the  Pennsylvania  Canal, 
including  tolls,  is  one  per  cent,  per  mile. 

Another  very  important  feature  is,  that  fire-clay  of 


11 


es. 


the  first  quality,  and  one  foot  in  thickness,  overlies  the 
opened  veins  of  coal ;  and  it  is  reasonable  to  infer,  that 
this  valuable  deposit  exists,  with  the  coal,  througliout 
the  lands.  The  manufacture  of  fire-brick  lias  l>een 
carried  en.  extensively,  in  the  neighlx)ring  lands,  and 
ample  fortunes  have  Ijeen  realized  from  it. 

Relative  to  coal  lands,  in  the  future,  all  the  facts. or 
data  in  relation  to  them,  indicate,  unerringly,  that 
there  will  be  an  active  and  remunerative  demand  for 
every  pound  of  coal  of  every  name  or  nature.  The 
enhanced  price  of  coal  in  the  kingdom  of  Great  Bri- 
tain, already  warns  her  peo2)le  that  they  cannot  much 
longer  export  that  article  with  impunity.  Our  anthra- 
cite coal  fields  ar*^  at  present  taxed  to  their  utmost 
capacity ;  and  tliough  tlie  product  can  be  largely,  but 
gradually  increased,  still  the  increase  of  manufactures,, 
of  the  application  of  steam  poAver,  and  the  rapid  growth 
of  population,,  will  be  more  than  commensurate  with  it. 
There  can  be,  then,,  no  reasonable  conclusion,  but  that 
the  sources  of  fuel  of  every  kind,  must  be  greatly  ap- 
preciated, both  in  interest  and  value. 


if 


f    i! 


iV 


PROFESSOll   JAMES    IIALKS    llEPOKT. 


's. 


HI 


'I 

i 

li 


ill 


;! 


I  HAVE  exaniinecl,  in  a  cursoiy  manner,  tlie  i)i'()])ei'ty 
on  the  Tansxascootac  Creek,  near  tlie  West  Brancli  of 
the  Susqiielianna.  Crossing  tlie  Susquelianna  a])Ove 
Farrandsville,  Ave  proceeded  up  tlie  creek  from  its 
mouth,  along  the  road  as  far  as  the  coal  mine  already 
worked  on  the  tract  marked  as  the  "John  Heed 
Tract."  The  openings  made,  and  from  which  much 
coal  has  already  been  taken  out,  are  on  the  southeast 
side  of  this  tract.  An  examination  of  the  bed  by 
l)enetrating  the  old  workings  for  several  hundred 
yards,  showed  a  bed  of  coal  having  an  average  thick- 
ness of  al)out  four  feet,  var^'ing  from  three  feet  nine 
inches  to  four  feet  three  inches  in  thickness. 

The  coal,  from  all  the  examination  that  coidd  be 
given  on  the  spot,  both  in  the  mine  and  that  which 
has  been  left  at  the  mouth,  appears  to  be  of  an  excel- 
lent quality,  and  free  from  sulphur.  The  bed  has  a 
dip  of  from  tlweo  to //re  degrees  to  the  i^oufhwest  j  and 
from  a  further  examination  of  tiie  surface  and  its  ele- 
vation, and  general  contour,  it  is  evident  that  this  bed 
of  coal  underlies  nearly  the  entire  area  of  this  and  the 
adjoining  ])roperty  to  the  southwest,  cro]»ping  out 
only  along  the  sloj)e  towards  the  creek. 

At  another  p(Uiit  Avest  of  this  opening,  and  after 
crossing  a  small  branch  of  the  creek,  an  o2)ening  has 
l)eeu  made  on  the  slope  of  the  hill  Avhere  it  commences 


13 


to  descend  towards  the  creek.  This  opening  shows 
the  fv  t-cropping  of  a  l)eil  of  coal  about  four  feet  in 
thie:  .  iss.  Without  having  an  opportunity  of  proving 
this  to  be  the  continuation  of  the  bed  previously 
examined,  I  have  presumed  it  to  be  the  same.  We 
have  therefore  the  evidence  of  this  bed  extending  be- 
yond the  centre  of  the  tract. 

At  a  point  in  the  immediate  neighborhood  of  the 
last  named  opening,  and  at  least  ffty-feet  below  it,  on 
the  slope  towards  the  Tangascootac,  a  shaft  has  been 
sunk  to  the  depth  of  tw^enty  feet  or  more.  The  lower 
part  of  this  shaft  penetrates  a  bed  of  coal  at  least  four 
feet  thick;  the  base  not  being  visible.  This  l)ed  is 
(juite  distinct  from  tlie  uj^per  one,  or  bed  first  ex- 
amined, ])eing  at  a  lower  level  than  that  one.  It  is 
overlaid  by  a  fine  shale  or  clay,  while  the  first  one  is 
overlaid  l)y  coarser  materials.  This  bed,  from  its  in- 
ferior position,  will  crop  out  on  the  north-east  margin 
of  this  tract,  at  a  lower  elevation  than  the  bed  already 
worked,  and  there  will  l)e  no  difiiculty  about  tracing 
its  outcrop  along  the  slo])es  towards  the  Tangascootac ; 
not  only  along  the  entire  length  of  this  tract,  but 
along  the  adjoining  one,  or  the  '■''  Stand Uh  FonV  tract, 
since  the  general  dip  of  the  strata  appears  to  be  in  a 
southwest  direction. 

Not  only  this  vein,  l)ut  the  higher  one,  can  be 
o])ened  at  numerous  points  along  the  sloj^e,  giving 
great  facility  of  access  to  the  valley  below ;  but  afford- 
ing, at  the  same  time,  the  best  means  of  drainage, 
\vitliout  tlic  aiklitional  exj)ense  beyond  the  openings 
for  workinii:  the  coal. 

Leaving  this  point,  w^e  proceeded  to  the  southwest 


14 


i 


part  of  the  Standisli  Ford  Iract,  to  the  mine  marked 
there  as  "  I?'wm  Coal  Miner 

This  bed  lies  at  a  Jiigher  elevation  than  the  one  first 
examined,  and  would  appear  to  be  a  distinct  bed,  oc- 
cupying the  southwest  portion  of  this  tract.  The  bed 
is  five  feet  in  thickness,  and  v^ry  accessible  from  the 
northeast  side.  From  the  limited  time  given  to  the 
examination,  it  was  not  possible  to  trace  fully  the  ai'ea 
occupied  by  this  vein  ;  though  from  the  contour  of  tlie 
country,  there  can  be  no  doubt  of  its  continuance  in  a 
south,  southwest  and  southeasterly  direction. 

From  this  examination,  it  appears  to  be  determined 
beyond  a  (question,  that  there  are  two  distinct  ])eds  of 
coal,  which  from  their  dip  must  underlie  nearly  the 
whole  of  these  two  adjoining  tracts  ;  leaving  out  that 
portion  occupied  by  the  slope  below  them,  and  the 
valley  of  the  creek.  The  average  of  these  veins  to- 
gether, may  be  set  down  at  eight  feet,  and  every  acre 
so  underlaid  will  yield  27,878,4000  pounds,  or  about 
12,()3(j  tons  of  coal.  Setting  off  for  the  portion  occu- 
])ied  by  the  valley  of  the  creek,  and  tlie  slope  of  the 
hill  below  the  outcrop  of  the  veins,  we  have  274  and 
548,  together  822  acres;  which,  at  12,630  tons  per 
acres,  or  10,880.872  tons  for  the  entire  of  these  two 
tracts. 

In  addition  to  the  value  as  a  coal  tract,  I  may 
mention  that  the  surface  is  well  timbered  with  pine, 
oak,  hemlock,  and  other  kinds.  Much  of  the  pine  is 
valualde  for  sawing  into  boards,  plank,  tfec,  and  the 
oak  for  various  pur})oses ;  wliile  enough  of  the  inferior 
portions  of  these  and  the  other  kinds  will  remain  for 
the  pro])s  for  the  coal  workings.     The  importance  of 


15 

timl)er  for  tliis  purpose  should  not  he  lost  sight  of 
from  the  oomniencement,  and  care  sliould  be  taken 
tliat  none  is  wasted. 

Beyond  the  coal  and  tind)ei',  there  are  other  sources 
of  profit  in  the  fine  clay  for  fire  bricks,  and  in  the  sand- 
stone which  may  be  probably  turned  to  advantage  in 
the  manufacture  of  common  glass  in  a  country  where 
fuel  is  abundant. 

From  the  focts  already  presented,  and  which  are 
based  upon  the  exposures  and  partial  working  of  l)eds 
upon  two  tracts,  it  is  sufficiently  demonstrated  tliat  the 
entire  area  is  a  valuable  coal  tract. 


A  LE'riER  Fv.o.M  Alex.  Divex,  Esq.,  late  President 
OF  THE  Willi AMsi>oRT  and  El^iira  Railroad. 

My  Dear  Sir — You  have  asked  my  opinion  of  the 
market  for  Bituminous  Coal  in  Western  New  York, 
over  the  Williamsport  and  Elmira  Railroad — and  of  my 
knowledge  of  your  property  known  as  Tangascootac. 

With  regard  to  the  market^  I  think  it  safe  to  say 
tliat  there  is  no  kind  of  danger  in  ever  glutting  it. 
You  are  greatly  mistaken  in  supposing  Western  New 
York  the  only  market  for  this  coal.  It  goes  to  Albany 
from  Coming  now.  All  the  Bituminous  Coal  used 
north  of  your  coal  field,  or  tlie  Blossburgh,  is  brought 
roinid  from  Cundjerland,  Maryland,  by  New  York,  or 
from  Ohio,  or  Pittsbui'g  by  the  lake. 

The  difficulty  with  the  Ohio  is,  it  is  so  charged  with 
sulphur  that  it  cannot  be  used  in  working  iron,  conse- 
quently the  entire  consumption  for  all  New  Y(>rk  and 


16 


Canada  has  to  he  foreign,  or  from  the  Cumberland 
mines,  or  taken  back  round  from  Pittsburg,  or  ol)tained 
from  Blossburgh.  The  Bk)sslnirgh  Coal  is  in  exceed- 
ingly narrow  veins,  and  the  quality  of  the  coal  is  very 
lean,  having  a  very  large  amount  of  residuum,  and  not 
free  from  sulphur;  still  it  is  l)etter  than  Ohio,  and 
l)eing  so  much  nearer  the  market,  can  fairly  compete 
with  the  Pittsl)urg  at  Buffalo,  and  tlie  Cumberland, 
and  Liverpool  at  Albany.  It  will  not,  however,  make 
gas  at  all.  They  sold  last  year  i)l),()00  tons  of  this 
coal,  and  could  have  sold  t^vice  as  much  if  they  could 
have  got  it  out  and  over  the  road. 

Your  coal  is  Avorth  at  least  one  dollar  the  ton  more 
than  this  for  domestic  and  mechanical  uses,  and  can 
be  mined  for  less  than  one-half.  The  ex})enses  of  mar- 
keting it  will  be  a))out  twenty-five  to  fifty  cents  more 
now — after  the  Suid)ury  road  is  done  up  to  Farrands- 
ville,  l)ut  very  little  more. 

It  has  l)een  tested  for  gas,  and  nuist  find  a  large  de- 
mand far  that  purj)ose. 

My  inspection  of  your  lands  satisfies  me  that  you 
have  a  property  immensely  valuable.  The  road  to  the 
Clinton  County  Company  and  the  Farrandsville  Com- 
pany, will  lie  all  you  Avant  to  get  out  with,  and  you 
have  only  to  Imild  slo])es  down  the  hill  from  your 
mines  to  2:et  the  coal  to  market. 


de- 


you 
tlie 


17 

Extract  from  Report  of  John  Mowlon,  Manager, 
TO  THE  President  of  New  York  Gas  Company. 

"In  the  experiment  made  with  the  Tangaseootac 
Creek,  Clinton  County  Coal,  Penn.,  on  the  15th  of 
April,  by  onr  Mr.  Cartright,  20  lbs.  coal  produced  GO 
cubic  feet  of  gas  in  45  minutes,  yielding  142  lbs.  of 
coke.     The  gas  and  coke  of  fair  quality. 

Experiment  No.  2. — 20  lbs.  produced  75  feet  of  gas 
in  45  minutes,  and  15  lbs.  coke. 


Trial  at  the  El^iira  Gas  Works  : 
Trial  of  5  bbls.  or  840  lbs.  of  coal :  12  bushels,  or 
840  lbs.,  producing  3,120  feet  of  good  gas,  21  bushels 
of  coke,  which  is  3*57  feet  to  1  11).  of  coal. 

II.  T.  AIINOT, 
Superintendent  Ehnira  Gas  Co. 


Lock  Haven  Iron  Company. 
Tills  is  to  certify  that  Ave  have  used  the  coal  from 
the  Tangascootac  mines,  and  found  it  the  best  we  have 
ever  used,  and  would  cheerfully  recommend  it  to  all 
manufacturers. 

HARVEY,  BEST  &  CO. 


Office  of  the  Secretary  of  State  of  the  ) 
State  of  New  York,  Albany,  March  15,  1804.  j 
To  W.  M.  Aslifield,  President: 

The  articles  of  Association  of  the  Black  Heath  Ccal 
CojrPANY  are  this  day  filed  in  the  Office  of  the  Secre- 
tary of  State  of  the  State  of  New  York. 

Very  respectfully, 

ERASTUS  CLARK, 
Deputy  Secretary  of  State. 


o 


SI 


-J 


iM 


if 


■:   i 


[V'        I 


1 


Extract  from  R.  C.  Taylor's  Statistics  ^vrni  refer- 
ence TO  THE  (QUALITY  OF  ClINTON  CoUN'J'Y  CoAL  FOR 
STEAM  IHRPOSES: 

Out  of  the  forty-two  varieties  of  coal  Avliicli  have 
been  ex})erinieute(l  upon,  thirty-live  are  from  the 
United  States,  and  seven  from  Britisli  America  and 
Great  Britain. 

Tlie  niim1)ers  in  the  table  represent  the  order  in 
which  they  take  tlieir  appropriate  rank,  from  one  to 
forty-two.  From  the  care  whicli  Ave  know  has  l)een 
bestowed  to  obtain  tliese  results,  we  cannot  hesitate  to 
receive  them  in  i)erfect  reliance  on  their  accuracy.  By 
taking  the  four  tables  of  results  of  evai)orate  power, 
the  respective  coals  in  the  foregoing  synoj)sis  I'ange 
themselves  in  the  followini»:  order  of  value : 

1.  Pennsylvania  coals,  of  Queens  Kun. 

2.  Viro-inia  coal. 

8.  Pictou  Mining  Association. 
4.  Pictou — Cunard's. 


5.    k5 


C.  Liverpool. 


Extract  from  Beport  ry'  W.  R.  Johnson  to  the 
Navy  Departjient  of  the  United  States,  on 
American  Coal: 

Tlie  coal  from  Queens  Bun,  when  tried  in  the 
chain  shop,  was  found  eminently  usefid  for  that  sj^ecies 
of  work.  It  gave  but  little  cinder,  and  a  flame  of 
moderate  lenofth. 

In  the  performance  of  ordinary  smith-work,  to  whicli 
it  was  applied  in  the  anchor  sho]),  the  result  was  also 
higldy  satisfactory.  It  gave  little  cinder,  a  coke  soft 
and  yielding,  and  a  form  of  flre  abundantly  hollow  for 


all  the  purposes  there  required. 


BY  LAWS 


OF    THE 


BLACK    HEATH    COAL   COMPANY. 


ARTICLE  L 

This  'Company   slkall    he   known    as,   and   called, 
Black  Heath  Coal  Co:«pany. 


ARTICLE  IL 

BOAIID    OF   TrI'STEES     Ll.AHTED     TO     FiVE,  AND    MUST    BE 

stocknolders.      notice  to  stockholders  of 

Election. 
The  aiiairs  of  the  Company  shall  be  managed  hy  a 
Board  of  Trustees,  consisting  of  five  Stockholders,  who 
whall  hereafter  be  annually  elected  by  ballot  on  the 
Monday  succeeding  the  first  Sunday  in  April  of  each 
year,  by  the  Stockholders,  at  the  ofHce  of  the  Company, 
in  the  city  of  New- York,  and  the  ])olls  shall  remain 
02)en  from  12,  M.  until  4,  P.  M.  Notice  of  such  election 
shall  be  given  in  a  daily  newspaper,  printed  in  the 
city  of  New  York,  at  least  ten  days  previous  thereto ; 
and  a  written  or  printed  notice  shall  be  given  to  all 
the  Stockliolders,  by  leaving  said  notice  at  their  places 
of  business  or  residence,  or  directed  to  them  through 
the  post-office ;  and  when  any  vacancy  shall  occur 
among  the  Trustees,  by  death,  resignation  or  otherwise 


80 


i 


it  bIhiII  \)k\  iilk'd,  fur  tlio  remjiinder  of  the  year,  by  tlio 
Board  of  Trustees,  from  the  Stoekludders.  Tlie  Board 
of  Trustees  shall  meet  at  the  Otliee  of  tlie  Comi)any  on 
the  first  Wednesihiy  in  eaeh  and  every  inonth,  and  at 
such  other  times  as  they  maybe  specially  convened  by 
the  President. 

ARTICLE  III. 

STOCKIIOLDEUS  TO  VOTE  UY  JJALLOT ONE  VOTE  FOll  EVERY 

SHAKE. 

At  such  annual  election  the  Stockholders  shall  vote 
by  ballot,  and  each  Stockholder  shall  l^e  entitled  to  one 
vote  for  ever}  sliare  of  stock  then  standing  in  his  or  her 
name  on  the  books  of  the  Company,  and  may  vote  in 
person,  or  by  proxy  in  writing,  duly  signed  and  wit- 
nessed, and  a  i)lurality  of  votes  shall  determine  the 
choice  of  Trustees. 

ARTICLE  IV. 

ArrOINTMENT  OF  PRESIUENT,  TllEASUI{ETl  AND  SECKETAKY. 

The  Board  of  Trustees  shall  convene  immediately 
after  every  annual  election  to  api)oint  a  President  and 
Treasurer,  who  shall  hold  office  for  one  year,  and  until 
others  are  chosen ;  also  a  Secretary,  who  shall  hold  his 
office  during  the  pleasure  of  the  Board  of  Trustees. 


%. 


m.    « 


ARTICLE  Y. 

DT'TIES  OF  THE  PHESlDENT. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  President  to  attend  at  the 
office  of  the  Company  daily,  and  to  preside  at  the  meet- 
ings of  the  Board  of  Trustees. 

He  shall  sign  all  certificates  of  stocks  and  other 


21 


s -^ 


P. 


necessary  papers,  coiiutei'sii^ii  all  cheeks  on  tiie  bank  or 
banks,  and  do  all  the  acts  neceasaiy  in  tlie  Imsiness  of 
tlie  Company. 

4 

lie  shall  a])point  a  Finance  Committee  from  the 
Board  of  Trustees,  and  all  special  connnittees,  unless 
tlu;  Board  of  Trustees  otherwise  direct,  and  shall  he  ex 
ojfici'o  a  meml)er  of  the  same,  and  generally  su]>erinten(l 
the  affairs  of  the  Coni})any.  He  shall  recpiire  the  Su- 
perintendent of  the  mines  to  keep  regular  and  full 
accounts  at  his  oflice,  and  to  transmit  to  the  President 
monthly  statements,  with  vouchers,  for  expen<litures. 

AIITICLE  VI. 

PUESIDEXT    rUO    TEM. 

In  the  absence  of  the  President,  or  his  inability  to 
perform  the  duties  of  his  office,  the  Board  of  Trustees 
shall  have  the  power  to  appoint  a  President,  2)r<)  tern. 

AIITICLE  VII. 

DUTIES  OF  TIIE  SECHETAUY. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Secretary  to  attend  daily 
at  the  office  of  the  Coni])any  during  lousiness  hours;  to 
keej)  the  accounts  of  the  Com2)any  in  ])roper  order, 
setting  forth  all  the  business  of  the  Company,  and 
ready  for  inspection  when  called  upon  ;  and  to  sign  all 
certificates  of  stocks.  It  shall  be  his  duty  to  receive  all 
moneys  paid  to  the  Company,  and  forthwith  pay  the 
same  to  the  Treasurer ;  to  keep  the  Mhuites  of  the  Board 
of  Trustees,  and  to  report  at  their  regular  meetings 
a  statement  of  the  receii)ts  and  disbursements  of  the 
preceding  months,  and  half-3'early  a  full  and  complete 
statement  of  all  the  property,  effects,  anp  business   of 


oo 


I; 


11' 
ill 


the  Company,  and  In  i:;iMi('i'al  pcrforni  sncli  (Intics  as 
may  lu'i  re([uire(l  of  liim  l)y  tlu*  l^)ar(l  of  Trustees; 
anil  for  the  faitlifnl  ix'rformanct;  of  his  (hitics  he  sliall 
give  security,  to  he  approved  hy  the  Board  of  Trustees, 
for  the  sum  of  twenty  thousand  (htlhirs. 

ARTICLE  VIII. 

DTTIKS  OK  THE   TUEASLKKIJ. 

It  shall  he  the  duty  of  the  Treasurer  to  take  eharg(^ 
of  the  funds  of  tlie  Company,  and  keep  the  same  de})o- 
sited,  in  the  name  of  the  Company,  in  such  hank  in  the 
eity  of  New  York,  as  the  Trustees  nniy  sek'et ;  to  siii^n 
all  checks,  and  j)ay  all  hills  ordered  hy  the  Trustees, 
and  render  an  account  of  all  moneys  received  and  }>aid 
out,  when  recj^uired  hy  the  Trustees. 

AirncLE  IX. 

LIABILITIES  TO  BE  IXCl'UUED  ONLY   BY    ASSENT    OF    A    MA- 
JOUrrY  OF  THE  TRUSTEES. 

No  liahilities  or  indehtedness  of  the  Company  shall 
he  incurred  without  the  assent  of  a  majority  of  the 
Trustees. 

ARTICLE  X. 

OEirriFIC ATES WHEN  VALID. 

Certificates,  signed  hy  the  President  ainl  F^cvvtary 
shall  he  issued  to  the  Stockholders  when  ;  ';Ti.'.  .,,  spe 
cifying  the  iiumher  of  shares  held  hy  each ;  but  no  trans- 
fer shall  he  valid  unless  the  orio-inal  cei'tificate  of  such 
shares,  rliall  have  been  surrendered  and  canceled.  And 
no  certi+i 'J '  ^s  for  the  transfer  of  stock  shall  at  any  time 
be  signed  i!»  idaiik  hy  said  President  or  Secretary. 


K. 


I    ! 


I 


23 
AllTlCLK  XI. 

TUAVSFKIl  1U)(>K WIIKX  (LOrtKD. 

TIic  truiiHtt'i'  1m)<)1v  sli.'dl  y^v  cIosimI  at  least  fivr  •laV'* 
])i'eviouH  to  ihv  \my u wnt  of  nuy  divi(l(!ii(l,aii(l  ii(»  stocks 
sliall  l)e  transit  ir<Ml  on  tht-  books  of  the  Company  until 
the  (lay  after  the  dividend  is  jiayable;  and  t»'n  days 
notice  shall  he  published  in  a  pji])er  in  the  city  of  New 
York. 

ARTICLE  XII. 

ADDrrioNs  on  amend^ients  to  by-laws — now  made. 

Th(!se  By-Laws  shall  not  be  altcre*!  except  by  the 
consent  of  a  nuijority  of  th(i  Hoard  of  Trustees;  and  all 
]>roposed  additions  or  anientlnients  shall  Ix'  submitted 
t«»  the  Board  in  writing,  at  a  previous  meeting  to  that 
at  which  the  action  of  the  Board  shall  l)e  had  tliereon 
and  previous  notice,  in  writing,  shall  b'  given  by  the 
Secretary  to  each  Trustee  of  the  Company,  of  the  con- 
templated additions  or  amendments,  and  the  time  when 
they  will  be  passed  upon. 


